HMS Cornwall was a 74-gun third-rate ship of the line built for the Royal Navy during the 1810s, exemplifying the typical Vengeur-class design. She measured 176 feet (53.6 meters) at the gundeck and had a keel length of 145 feet 1 inch (44.2 meters). Her beam spanned 47 feet 8 inches (14.5 meters), with a deep load draught of 17 feet 10 inches (5.4 meters) and a hold depth of 21 feet (6.4 meters). The ship’s tonnage was approximately 1,751 tons burthen. Her armament originally consisted of twenty-eight 32-pounder guns on the lower gundeck and twenty-eight 18-pounder guns on the upper deck. Additional weaponry included four 12-pounder guns and ten 32-pounder carronades on the quarterdeck, with two each on the forecastle. After the Napoleonic Wars concluded in 1815, her armament was modified, replacing some lower-deck guns with 68-pounder carronades and upgrading upper-deck guns to 18-pounders, reflecting a transitional period in naval armament. Cornwall’s crew numbered around 590 officers and ratings. In 1830, she was razeed to a 50-gun fourth-rate ship, significantly reducing her armament to twenty-eight 32-pounder guns on the lower gundeck, sixteen 32-pounders on the upper deck, and four more on the forecastle, with a decreased crew of 450 men. Laid down in March 1809 and launched on 16 January 1812, Cornwall served primarily in the English Channel during the Napoleonic Wars. Later in her life, she was repurposed for non-combat roles: in 1859, she was loaned to the London Association as a juvenile reformatory, and in 1868, she exchanged names with Wellesley to serve as a school ship on the Tyne. Ultimately, she was broken up at Sheerness in 1875, marking the end of her maritime service.

This description has been generated using GPT-4.1-NANO based on the Vessel's wikidata information and then modified by ShipIndex.org staff.